Applications

Communication Detection in Prison Facilities

In many prisons and detention centers around the world, inmates are increasingly gaining access to illegal communication devices, such as mobile phones or wireless LAN devices.

A prison yard where inmates in orange use smuggled mobile phones, with a drone sending a wireless signal above the wall

Highlights

  • Broadband RF signal analysis and signal capture
  • Detects technologies such as 4G, 5G, WLAN, PMR, Bluetooth and IoT
  • AI algorithms such as modulation and interference analysis, drone detection and more
  • Remote installation and control over Ethernet or LTE modem
  • Wide RF signal coverage from 9 kHz to 54 GHz (using the Anritsu MS2090A)
  • Remote operation of the Anritsu MS2090A or MS27201A spectrum analyzer
  • Permanent capture and storage, plus export in open data formats

These devices allow prisoners to bypass official monitoring systems, enabling them to coordinate criminal activity both inside and outside prison walls. Smuggled phones are often used to intimidate witnesses, run drug operations or maintain control over gangs.

Despite frequent searches and advanced detection technologies, the trade in illegal devices persists, often facilitated by corrupt staff or drone deliveries. This ongoing issue poses a serious challenge to prison security and public safety, prompting authorities to implement stricter measures, including signal jammers and advanced surveillance.

The cognitelligent systems from YOTASYS detect illegal communication devices with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. The monitored radio spectrum covers 10 kHz to 9 GHz (or higher frequencies) and includes the classic communication bands of 4G and 5G mobile networks and wireless networks, plus special frequency allocations such as satellite networks (LEOS) and the Internet of Things (IoT).

One special function is the detection of drones, which are typically equipped with wireless modems to reach the inmates. Both the drone’s typical signal and the communication channel it provides are detected.

The Y9860A AI-enabled Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer (RTSA)

The Y9860A, an olive-green finned enclosure with two carrying handles

The Y9860A is high-performance, state-of-the-art hardware for AI algorithm processing and deep-learning inference, developed to work with a modern spectrum analyzer board, the Anritsu MS27200A, over a high-performance link. Its embedded graphics processing unit (CPU/GPU) runs real-time neural-network signal processing (CNN) algorithms in software, with room for additional, specialized signal analysis development.

The GPU is one of the most widely used processor types for machine learning, so the Y9860A significantly reduces the effort for developers to create autonomous signal identification, modulation recognition, interference mitigation and many other machine-learning applications for RF technologies. It analyzes an RF signal source and can also generate IQ data files and reports. Thanks to the AI capabilities of the integrated software, RF signals can be inspected in a sophisticated, modern way.

In one single box, the Y9860A includes numerous functions, such as modulation recognition, and open-source APIs. The system comes with complete software packages and is based on the Linux Ubuntu operating system, with drivers, FPGA firmware and everything required for professional operation. It is the base for customer-specific software development.

The YOTASYS Y9860A is an innovative, modern solution for a high-performance portable setup to capture, analyze and report RF signals. Based on the IQ streaming of the MS27200A, it extends RF measurement and investigation up to 9 GHz (or higher), with unique features for detecting and analyzing unknown or unwanted signals.

Aerial view of a prison complex inside the coverage area of a single sensor

A single Y9860A sensor can cover a complete prison area and monitor it for suspicious wireless signal activity.

Easy graphical user interface

The Y9860A software is flexible and modular, and can be tailored to customer-specific needs. YOTASYS also develops customer-specific software and tools for fast prototyping and installation.

Y9860A web dashboard: frequency settings, a live spectrum with waterfall, and modulation and technology recognition charts

A web interface lets the end user operate and configure the Y9860A, with a comprehensive, application-specific dashboard of charts, buttons, status LEDs and map information.

The Y9860A integrates easily into existing prison monitoring solutions. Alarms can be tailored to specific interfaces such as HTTP, MQTT or SNMP.

Operators at their workstations in a security control room with a large video wall

Specifications

RF specifications based on the Y9860A. They depend on the setup and configuration of the Anritsu MS27200A.

Download the application note
Parameter Value
Frequency range 9 kHz up to 54 GHz RX lower and upper frequency limit (see datasheet)
Real-time / IQ bandwidth 2–150 MHz
Antennas 1 RX antenna on the front connector: N(f) below 20 GHz, K(f) below 43.5 GHz, V(f) below 54 GHz
Sampling rate 200 MSpS ADC/DAC sample rate at 32-bit resolution
Signal bandwidth 0.036–150 MHz
Bit resolution 8, 10, 16 or 32 bit
Trigger source Free run, external 1/2, video
Capture memory 2 GB Internal, in the MS27200A
GNSS antenna 1 RX antenna on the front SMA(f) connector

Applications and use cases

  • Monitoring and classification of live RF signals using AI algorithms
  • Detection of signal anomalies or unwanted emissions
  • Deployment as a fixed installation or tactical portable unit
  • Spectrum occupancy measurement techniques (ITU-R SM.2154)

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